Publications

Peer-reviewed and preprint work in cosmological statistics, CMB analysis and machine learning. Author position is stated on every entry. Cosmology papers are COMPACT Collaboration papers, in which the author list is ordered first by contribution and then alphabetically.

11Papers
7Published / accepted
4Under review
78+Citations

Citation counts from Google Scholar and INSPIRE-HEP. The 2 manuscripts in preparation are listed separately below and are not counted in the total. Full record: Google Scholar · INSPIRE-HEP · ORCID.

Published & Accepted

  • 2026 Co-author — collaboration review

    The Topology of the Universe

    C. J. Copi, D. P. Mihaylov, A. Negro, A. Samandar, et al. (COMPACT Collaboration)

    Nature Astronomy · Invited review, in press

    Invited review of the observational status of cosmic topology and the prospects for CMB (LiteBIRD, Taurus) and large-scale-structure searches.

    Review · Cosmic topology

  • 2026 First author

    Cosmic topology. Part IIb. Eigenmodes, correlation matrices, and detectability of non-orientable Euclidean manifolds

    C. J. Copi, A. Samandar, G. D. Starkman, J. Carrón Duque, Y. Akrami, S. Anselmi, A. H. Jaffe, A. Kosowsky, et al. (COMPACT Collaboration)

    Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 07 (2026) 004

    Eigenmodes, non-diagonal aℓm covariance matrices, and cosmic-variance-limited detectability for the non-orientable Euclidean topologies E7–E10, E13–E15 and E17.

    Eigenmodes · Covariance matrices · Detectability

  • 2026 Second author

    Don't Pass@k: A Bayesian Framework for Large Language Model Evaluation

    M. Hariri, A. Samandar, et al.

    International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR) 2026 · Main conference

    Replaces Pass@k and avg@N with posterior estimates and credible intervals on a model's underlying success probability. Outcomes are modelled as categorical with a Dirichlet prior, giving closed-form posterior mean and uncertainty for any weighted rubric. Achieves faster convergence and greater rank stability than Pass@k at far smaller sample counts.

    Bayesian evaluation · Uncertainty quantification · LLMs

  • 2025 First author

    Cosmic topology. Part IIIb. Eigenmodes and correlation matrices of spin-2 perturbations in orientable Euclidean manifolds

    A. Samandar, et al. (COMPACT Collaboration)

    Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 08 (2025) 015

    First computation of spin-2 (tensor) Laplacian eigenmodes and the corresponding CMB correlation matrices for orientable compact Euclidean manifolds.

    Tensor modes · Eigenmodes · Covariance matrices

  • 2025 Co-author

    Cosmic topology. Part Ic. Limits on lens spaces from circle searches

    S. Saha, A. Samandar, et al. (COMPACT Collaboration)

    Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 01 (2025) 004

    Observational limits on lens-space topologies derived from matched-circle searches in the CMB.

    CMB · Cosmic topology

  • 2024 First author

    Cosmic topology. Part IIIa. Microwave background parity violation without parity-violating microphysics

    A. Samandar, et al. (COMPACT Collaboration)

    Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 11 (2024) 020

    Showed that non-trivial spatial topology alone generates parity-odd TB/EB CMB correlations, with no parity-violating microphysics — a new observational channel for topology and for primordial tensor modes.

    CMB polarization · Parity violation · Cosmic topology

  • 2024 Co-author

    Cosmic topology. Part IVa. Classification of manifolds using machine learning: a case study with small toroidal universes

    A. Tamosiunas, A. Samandar, et al. (COMPACT Collaboration)

    Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 09 (2024) 057

    Classifiers trained on simulated CMB maps recover near-likelihood-level discrimination between manifolds at a fraction of the cost. A rare setting in which the ground-truth likelihood is computable, so the learned model's discrepancy from the optimal decision rule can be measured rather than assumed.

    Machine learning · CMB · Cosmic topology

Submitted & Under Review

  • 2026 Co-author

    Cosmic topology. Part Va. Information content of the observable Universe

    D. P. Mihaylov, M. Martin Barandiaran, S. Anselmi, J. Carrón Duque, G. D. Starkman, Y. Akrami, C. J. Copi, A. H. Jaffe, A. Kosowsky, et al., incl. A. Samandar (COMPACT Collaboration)

    arXiv preprint

    Information content of the observable Universe under non-trivial spatial topology.

    Information theory · Cosmic topology

  • 2026 Co-author

    Test-Time Scaling in Reasoning LLMs: Inference Regimes, Evaluation, and Reproducibility

    M. Hariri, W. Chen, N. Shahini, V. Singh, K. Ye, A. Samandar, et al.

    arXiv preprint

    Formalizes test-time scaling as budgeted inference over the implicit prefix tree of an autoregressive transformer, distinguishing sequential, leaf-level and prefix-level scaling. Treats the entire inference system as the evaluated object and specifies reproducibility requirements separating exact replay from distributional reproducibility. Over 2 billion reasoning traces released.

    Inference-time scaling · Evaluation · LLMs

  • 2026 Co-author

    Quantum Signatures of Cosmic Topology: How Casimir Backreaction Transmits Isotropy Violation

    A. Negro, K. Hinterbichler, G. D. Starkman, Y. Akrami, S. Anselmi, J. Carrón Duque, et al., incl. A. Samandar (COMPACT Collaboration)

    Under review

    A finite, scheme-independent Casimir stress-energy contribution arises for quantum fields in universes with non-trivial spatial topology; its backreaction during de Sitter expansion drives anisotropic expansion even from a locally isotropic initial state.

    Quantum fields · Isotropy violation · Cosmic topology

  • 2026 Co-author

    Cosmic topology. Part IIc. Detectability with non-standard primordial power spectrum

    J. Noltmann, et al., incl. A. Samandar (COMPACT Collaboration)

    Under review at Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics

    Detectability of compact topologies when the primordial power spectrum departs from the standard near-scale-invariant form.

    Detectability · Primordial power spectrum

In Preparation

  • 2026 First author

    Beyond the Kullback–Leibler divergence: the likelihood-ratio distribution as a detectability measure for cosmic topology

    A. Samandar, M. Martin Barandiaran, L. H. Lu, A. H. Jaffe, D. P. Mihaylov, G. D. Starkman, et al. (COMPACT Collaboration)

    In preparation

    The KL divergence is an expected information gain and cannot, by itself, give a detection probability on a single realization. This work derives the exact sampling distribution of the log-likelihood ratio between two zero-mean Gaussian models — a generalized non-central chi-squared — and uses it to convert expected information gain into a detection probability with ROC curves and calibrated interval coverage. Supplies the frequentist validation layer that learned ratio estimators currently lack, and connects to Bayesian experimental design. Model-agnostic; cosmic topology is the case study.

    Likelihood-ratio inference · Information theory · Detection probability

  • 2026 First author

    Cosmic topology. Part IIIc. Eigenmodes and correlation matrices of spin-2 perturbations in non-orientable Euclidean manifolds

    A. Samandar, et al. (COMPACT Collaboration)

    In preparation

    Extension of Part IIIb to the non-orientable Euclidean topologies; cited as forthcoming in JCAP 07 (2026) 004.

    Tensor modes · Eigenmodes · Cosmic topology